Critical Thinking

Thinking — Understanding Our Complex World

Critical Thinking

Skills in critically reviewing the validity of views, evidence, and plans.

Micro-VCoL Exercises

Below are three exercises for developing critical thinking. Choose one to focus on for at least a week before trying another.

Exercise 1: The Evidence Question

Set the goal:

Develop the habit of asking for or considering evidence before accepting claims, including your own assumptions.

Seek opportunities:

Practice when you hear claims in meetings, read assertions in documents or emails, encounter statistics or facts, or notice yourself making assumptions.

Apply:

When you hear a claim or notice yourself accepting something as true, pause and ask silently or aloud: "What is the evidence for this?" Consider: Is this based on data, experience, assumption, or authority?

Reflect:

How often did you question evidence today? Did you notice accepting things without examination? When you did ask about evidence, what did you discover?

Exercise 2: The Assumption Surface

Set the goal:

Make hidden assumptions explicit so they can be examined, especially in plans and proposals.

Seek opportunities:

Practice when reviewing plans, proposals, or strategies, whether your own or others. Also practice when explaining or defending a position.

Apply:

When examining a plan or proposal, ask: "What has to be true for this to work?" Identify 2-3 key assumptions that are not stated explicitly. For each one, consider: Is this assumption valid? What if it is wrong?

Reflect:

What assumptions did you surface today? Were any of them problematic or untested? How did others respond when you raised assumptions?

Exercise 3: The Source Consideration

Set the goal:

Before accepting information, briefly consider its source and any potential biases or limitations.

Seek opportunities:

Practice when receiving information from any source: reports, presentations, news, data, opinions from colleagues, or your own conclusions.

Apply:

When information comes to you, pause briefly and ask: "Where does this come from? What perspective or interest might shape this? What might the source not see or not want me to see?"

Reflect:

Did source consideration change how you received any information today? What sources do you tend to trust without examination? What sources do you tend to dismiss without fair consideration?

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